Indian Manufacturing Industries Research Articles

Stage-wise green supply chain management and environmental performance: Impact of blockchain technology

In the era of globalisation, the use of technology and concerns for sustainability is eminent in the supply chain management practices. The current study focuses on sustainable and green supply practices in different stages of supply chain management and how they can be facilitated by blockchain technology (BT). The study has addressed the existing gaps in the area namely, the lack of research assessing stage-wise green supply chain for environmental performance focusing on BT. The current study aims to assess the impact of BT on different stages of the green supply chain and a firm's environmental performance. The study also focuses on analyzing the impact of green supply chain stages on environmental performance. The study uses PLS-based structural equation modelling approach to investigate the hypothesised relationships between BT adoption and stage-wise green supply chain practices. The data was collected from individuals from medium-sized enterprises from the manufacturing industry in India. The findings reveal a positive association between blockchain adoption and green supply chain management practices leading to enhancement in environmental performance. Furthermore, the study indicates a positive relationship between blockchain integration and different stages of the green supply chain, underscoring its multi-faceted impact on environmental performance. The findings imply that the BT adoption can facilitate the realization of sustainable supply chain practices and performance improvement.

Examining the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on industrial performance of manufacturing organisations in India: an empirical study

ABSTRACT Industry 4.0 (I 4.0) technologies can significantly enhance the competitiveness, agility, and sustainability of the Indian manufacturing industry in the global market landscape. However, a lack of awareness about the potential benefits of I 4.0 inhibits its adoption within the sector. This lack of understanding, coupled with the complexities and implementation challenges associated with these technologies, disguises the relationship between benefits and adoption. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the adoption of I 4.0 technologies and the benefits expected from these technologies. A survey of 174 manufacturing organisations operating in India is conducted. The results of the survey suggest that the adoption of I 4.0 technologies has a positive relationship with operational performance benefits. The secondary benefits such as product flexibility, work-life balance and sustainability could only be considered after achieving operational performance. This paper contributes to the growing body of literature on the impact of I 4.0 on the manufacturing industry in India. Further it provides a base for future research on real benefits of I 4.0 technologies for manufacturing organisations from emerging economies.

An assessment framework to evaluate the critical success factors to Quality 4.0 transition in developing countries: a case experience of sustainable performance of Indian manufacturers

PurposeThe research aims to develop an assessment framework that evaluates critical success factors (CSFs) for the Quality 4.0 (Q 4.0) transition among Indian firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the fuzzy-Delphi method to validate the results of a systematic literature review (SLR) that explores critical aspects. Further, the fuzzy decision-making trial and laboratory (DEMATEL) method determines the cause-and-effect link. The findings indicate that developing a Q 4.0 framework is essential for the long-term success of manufacturing companies. Utilizing the power of digital technology, data analytics and automation, manufacturing companies can benefit from the Q 4.0 framework. Product quality, operational effectiveness and overall business performance may all be enhanced by implementing the Q 4.0 transition framework.FindingsThe study highlights significant awareness of Q 4.0 in the Indian manufacturing sector that is acquired through various means such as training, experience, learning and research. However, most manufacturing industries in India still follow older quality paradigms. On the other hand, Indian manufacturing industries seem well-equipped to adopt Q 4.0, given practitioners' firm grasp of its concepts and anticipated benefits, including improved customer satisfaction, product refinement, continuous process enhancement, waste reduction and informed decision-making. Adoption hurdles involve challenges including reliable electricity access, high-speed Internet, infrastructure, a skilled workforce and financial support. The study also introduces a transition framework facilitating the shift from conventional methods to Q 4.0, aligned with the principles of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR).Research limitations/implicationsThis research exclusively examines the manufacturing sector, neglecting other fields such as medical, service, mining and construction. Additionally, there needs to be more emphasis on the Q 4.0 implementation frameworks within the scope of the study.Originality/valueThis may be the inaugural framework for transitioning to Q 4.0 in India's manufacturing sectors and, conceivably, other developing nations.

WITHDRAWN: Sustainable circular supplier selection for textile manufacturing industries in India: An integrated WINGS-MABAC approach

The significant quantity of waste produced by the textile industry has recently sparked an increase in the adoption of Circular Economy (CE). To aim towards CE, companies should focus on selecting suppliers who share certain key characteristics, such as being compliant with the CE standards, recycling used resources to reduce waste, minimal use of water & energy. Till date, very few studies have managed to cover the in-depth analysis of suppliers on the basis of circularity and sustainability aspects. The criteria addressed in this study have been identified through thorough literature review and discussions with the experts. This paper addresses this problem with the aid of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework for sustainable circular supplier selection (SCSS) in the Indian textile industry. This study applies Weighted Influence Non-linear Gauge System (WINGS) - Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison (MABAC) approach to estimate the importance of different criteria to select the best performing supplier of recycled cotton yarn for an Indian textile industry. WINGS is used to analyse the different criteria for evaluating suppliers in textile industry, while MABAC is used to select the most suitable sustainable circular supplier. Our results suggest that sustainable circular suppliers should be evaluated mainly on the basis of factors like whether or not the supplier is willing to collaborate, robustness, green certifications and the recycling capability of the suppliers. The proposed approach and decision-making model can help the managers of the textile industry to choose more sustainable suppliers, respond to fast fashion and maintain the competitive standard in the market. An illustrative application of the proposed framework is undertaken in an Indian textile micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME).

Investments in Innovations and Market Structure: A Semi-parametric Approach

The economic literature suggests that there is an inverted-U type of relationship between innovation and product market competition. Existing empirical studies assume a quadratic functional form while estimating the relationship between the two variables. Using data on the Indian manufacturing industry, this article contributes by using a semi-parametric approach to test the ‘Inverted-U’ hypothesis without assuming a priori functional form. The estimation results suggest that the functional form of the relationship is contingent upon the choice of product market competition indicator in the model. When product market competition is defined as overall price competition, the empirical evidence confirms the inverted-U hypothesis. This implies that both escape competition and the Schumpeterian effect are observed as price competition increases. However, when product market competition is defined as domestic competition, only the escape competition effect is observed. JEL Codes: L10, L60, O30, O33, F10

How does green lean practices effect environmental performance? Evidence from manufacturing industries in India

PurposeIndustrialisation has contributed to global environmental problems, especially in developed countries, but increasingly so in developing ones as well. The rising public concern for the natural environment is compelling business entities to revise their business models towards green lean (GL) management. Most manufacturing firms have realised that GL implementation is a critical factor that drives their success. Therefore, keeping in view the above said aspects, the purpose of this paper is to empirically assess the complementary impact of GL practices on environmental performance.Design/methodology/approachData from a sample of 124 Indian manufacturing industries are analysed using a structural equation modelling technique.FindingsEvidence suggests that GL practices such as top management commitment, government support, human resource management, health and safety of employees and public pressure and legislature have significantly positive effect on environmental performance of manufacturing industries.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample is limited to Indian manufacturing industries situated in northern region, with a low response rate.Practical implicationsSuccessful implementations of GL practices can lead to improved environmental performance. Manufacturing industries within emerging economies like India can improve on their GL practices by incorporating these findings into their business models, while research could be guided to focus their inquiries on this and related genres of scholarly work.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to empirically assess the complementary impact of GL practices on environmental performance within the Indian context.

Alliances and digital transformation are crucial for benefiting from dynamic supply chain capabilities during times of crisis: A multi-method study

During times of crisis, businesses need strategic partnerships and digital transformation to survive. Understanding how digital transformation and alliance management capability can work together to enhance supply chain capabilities during a crisis is important. We have developed a theoretical framework that explains how the alliance management capability, under the mediating influence of digital transformation, helps build supply chain capabilities for unprecedented crises. This framework highlights key enablers such as alliance management capability, digital transformation, supply chain agility, and supply chain adaptability that are essential for organisational performance. We tested our theoretical model using a survey of 157 individuals working in the manufacturing industry in India. Our findings suggest that combining alliance management capability and digital transformation enhances supply chain capabilities, which improves an organisation's ability to respond to crises. Moreover, digital transformation, supply chain agility, and adaptability are critical determinants of organisational performance during crises. Therefore, companies that use digital technologies to increase their agility and adaptability are more likely to perform well during times of crisis. To collect qualitative data, we interviewed key participants (n = 27) and identified four key enablers for a digital transformation strategy for supply chains: coordination, digital leadership, digital culture, and digital talent management. Our study offers a detailed understanding of the dynamic capability view in digital transformation, highlighting key drivers for competitive advantage.

The Mediating Roles of Transformational Leadership and Workplace Gossip on The Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Virtuousness

The purpose of this study is to examine direct and indirect effects of organisational justice on morale and virtuousness through transformational leadership and workplace gossip. An online questionnaire was used to purposively sample 385 participants from the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in India for this study. Important predictors of organisational virtue were identified, including workplace gossip, transformational leadership, and organisational justice. The results of the study showed a strong correlation between virtue and organisational justice. Three significant additions are revealed: Firstly, managers who possess transformational leadership skills in addition to a grasp of organisational virtuousness can foster growth in both the company and its employees. 2) Promoting office gossips that are in line with moral principles creates a happy work atmosphere and improves employee output. 3) A greater understanding of organizational justice and virtuousness enhances wellbeing, which leads to improved productivity at work. There is a considerable correlation in the Indian pharmaceutical sector between workplace gossip, virtuousness, transformational leadership, and organisational justice. The latter two serve as mediators between virtuousness and justice. Business and workforce growth are facilitated by transformational leadership that cultivates organisational virtuousness. Creating an ethically sound and equitable workplace improves wellbeing and increases output. By identifying workplace gossip and transformational leadership as mediators between organisational justice and virtuousness in India's pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, this study enhances the applicability across industries and contributes to the management literature.

Spillover effect of foreign direct investment on wage-inequality in Indian manufacturing industries

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the spillover effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on skilled–unskilled wage inequality in the Indian manufacturing industries.Design/methodology/approachThe authors show theoretically with a model of spillover that if foreign firms (receiving FDI) have a negative spillover effect on domestic firms (not receiving FDI), then the level of capital and skilled workers in the domestic firms falls down. Consequently, the authors conduct an empirical analysis by using system GMM estimation technique on the firm-level data of the Indian organised manufacturing sector.FindingsThe authors show that wage inequality worsens when there is negative spillover effects like competition spillover or skill spillover effect of FDI in India.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to measure the various spillover effects of FDI on the wage inequality in the Indian manufacturing industries by using firm-level data.

Examining the Performance Management System as a Predictor of Organizational Effectiveness: Perspectives from the Indian Manufacturing Sector

Regular and systematic assessment of performance is a crucial responsibility for management. It not only evaluates and monitors organizational growth but also provides career direction for individual employees. Establishing clear performance expectations, encompassing results, actions, and behaviors, helps employees understand their job requirements. Well-defined goals, coupled with regular performance assessments, are vital for defining corporate competencies and identifying skill gaps. This information serves as a valuable input for designing Human Resource Development (HRD) plans.
 Despite the importance of performance appraisal systems, there is often a gap between intention and actual practice in many organizations. Previous research in Indian organizations revealed that existing performance management systems (PMSs) may allow for the use of appraisal data for administrative purposes, but there is a missing link between appraisal outcomes and the subsequent design and execution of developmental programs.
 In light of this, researchers aimed to assess employees' perceptions of PMS and its role in achieving organizational effectiveness. A survey, including a questionnaire and focused group discussions, was conducted with a purposive sample of 200 professionals in Indian manufacturing industries. The analysis confirmed the association between PMS and organizational effectiveness. However, there were differing perceptions among line managers about PMS, and even when there was agreement, it did not lead to superior outcomes due to a lack of clarity in the existing system.
 The discussions highlighted a distinct differentiation in the involvement of different levels of management in the performance appraisal mechanism. Additionally, the reciprocal trigonometric relationship between PMS, competency management systems, and training and development was emphasized.

A comparative study of inter-regional and intra-industry disparities

AbstractThis paper investigates the inter-regional intra-industry disparity within selected Indian manufacturing industries and industrial states. The study uses three measures—the Output-Capital Ratio, the Capital-Labor Ratio, and the Output-Labor Ratio—to critically evaluate the level of disparity in average efficiency of labor and capital, as well as capital intensity. Additionally, the paper compares the rate of disparity of per capita income between six major industrial states. The study finds that underutilization of capacity is driven by an unequal distribution of high-skilled labor supply and upgraded technologies. To address these disparities, the paper suggests that policymakers campaign for labor training and technology promotion schemes throughout all regions of India. By doing so, the study argues, the country can reduce regional inequality and improve economic outcomes for all.

An empirical study on implementation of sustainable production practices in Indian manufacturing industry

PurposeSustainable production (SP) is an efficient and influential approach of production for Indian manufacturing industries as it preserves the social, environmental and economic aspects of production activities altogether. The objective of this research work is to investigate the implementation status of SP practices in Indian manufacturing industries by utilizing empirical survey methodology.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey methodology was adapted, and the questionnaire was prepared by intense literature survey along with by opinions from experts in the field of SP. This questionnaire was sent to 753 different organizations at different locations across India. This study collected responses from manufacturing industries as per 2021 directory of Confederation of Indian Industries for the duration of 7 week. Top level managers were the target respondents. The study propagated with 242 responses which were observed complete in all respects.FindingsThe study identified that though the majority of the organizations are claiming to follow SP practices since long time, they actually are lagging in proper understanding SP practices. Majority of them are implementing it in specific departments in their organization. They are coming across multiple barriers in the implementation of SP practices among which unrecognized financial benefits and lack of proper government policies are prime. The study suggests that the Indian organizations needs feasible framework with adaptable guidelines.Research limitations/implicationsThis work is centered towards manufacturing organizations and targets only the leading industrial sectors in India. Thus, the outcomes of this study may not be generalized for all the sectors of Indian industries. Additionally, it can also be assumed that higher number of responses would have contributed to more clear visualization of implementation status of SP practices among Indian industries.Originality/valueSustainable approaches in production activities are very lucrative for industries worldwide, due to their advantages. Numerous researchers are also putting their efforts to explore more about various aspects of sustainability. Mostly they are focusing on single or few aspects of SP and its implementation in particular region or country. Very few research works are dedicated to knowing the implementation status of SP in Indian manufacturing industries and they are limited in various aspects. This study presents a dedicated approach to investigate the implementation status of SP practices in Indian manufacturing industries.

PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON OUTLOOK ON INDIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHENNAI

The Indian manufacturing industry has long been recognized as a vital component of the country's economic growth. Public opinion on this industry is influenced by various factors such as economic indicators, government policies, job creation, environmental concerns, and technological advancements. Understanding public sentiment is crucial as it can impact investment decisions, policy formulation, and overall industry development. In recent years, public opinion on the Indian manufacturing industry has witnessed both optimism and concerns. Positive aspects include the industry's contribution to employment generation, foreign direct investment, and technological advancements. However, challenges such as infrastructure limitations, regulatory complexities, and skill gaps have also been raised as areas requiring attention. The main aim of this study is to discuss and analyse the major impact and public’s perspective on the overlook of Indian manufacturing industries. The kind of research followed in this study is an empirical research method. This study has used primary data which is collected from 200 respondents with a convenient sampling method. The independent variables include age, gender, educational qualifications, occupation and the dependent variables include opinion on Indian manufacturing industries. The study has found that the investment and consumption crisis is the major issue faced by the manufacturing industry in India. The study concluded that simplifying regulations, improving ease of doing business, and developing a skilled workforce are essential to attract investments and enhance the industry's competitiveness. KEYWORDS: Indian manufacturing industry, Employment, Automobiles, Small and Medium scale Enterprises, Investment

Investor Perception, Green Innovation, and Financial Performance: Insights from Indian Manufacturing Firms

In this study the complex relationships between sustainability practices and green innovation in Indian manufacturing firms, focusing on quality management, green process innovation, and green product innovation are examined. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of green technological advancements and quality management on the financial performance and investor-perceived value of manufacturing firms. The green process and green product innovations implication on financial performance and investor perception was also explored. With the help of Pearson correlation and regression analyses, the study assessed the impact of quality management and green innovations on financial performance and investor perception. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between green product innovation and investor perception, endorsing environmentally responsible companies to attract higher investments and improve financial prospects. However, no significant positive correlation was found between green process innovation and financial performance, which may be influenced by upfront costs and delayed benefits. Green process innovation moderates the relationship between quality management and investor perception, while green product innovation mediates the relationship between green process innovation and investor perception. These insights highlight the importance of prioritising green product innovation to enhance investor perception and integrate environmental considerations into quality management. The study's results align with Sustainable Development Goal 9, promoting sustainable industrialisation, innovation, and infrastructure in the Indian manufacturing industry, fostering a more resilient and environmentally responsible sector.

Empirical analysis of success factors to implement lean-green practices in an Indian automotive manufacturing industry using ISM-MICMAC approach

Empirical analysis of success factors to implement lean-green practices in an Indian automotive manufacturing industry using ISM-MICMAC approach

Family involvement, innovation and product market competition

AbstractThe paper constructs a theoretical framework suggesting a moderating impact of product market competition in determining the relationship between family ownership/control and innovation. We argue that the elimination of ‘career concerns’ of CEOs in firms with greater family share may explain the mechanism followed to encourage R&D investments. Empirical testing of the hypotheses is performed using data from the Indian manufacturing industry for the period 2001–2018. The findings suggest that the domestic product market competition complements the relationship between family ownership/control and R&D investments. This indicates that family firms tend to invest more in R&D as domestic product competition increases. The data suggest that the effect of family involvement on innovation is due to the reduction of managerial career concerns, as we find that managerial turnover (conditional on poor performance) is lower if family involvement is higher. This effect is significantly stronger under higher degrees of competition.

LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONCENTRATION PATTERNS OF INDIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM THE RURAL AND URBAN AREAS

This paper explores the spatial distribution and dependence of employment of workers and geographical concentration of 71 manufacturing industries by capturing the neighborhood effects across 637 districts in India, covering 10.54 million establishments using Economic Census ( 2013 ) data. Empirical results validate the spatial dependence of employment in rural and urban areas. However, results indicate substantial evidence of rural–urban employment disparity, especially in the northern states of India. Further, empirical results show that the effect of geographical concentration on highly localized industries seems to diverge in rural and urban areas. Besides, results exhibit that the higher employment industry has a low employment-to-establishment ratio (EER) at the establishment level in rural and urban areas. Nevertheless, using cartograms, we find that the spatial concentration of highly employable industries and the EER is highly skewed and asymmetrically concentrated in a few districts of only four to five states in India. Therefore, the results suggest that policymakers could focus mainly on industries with massive potential for employment opportunities at the regional level.

Mapping the TQM implementation approaches and their impact on realizing leadership in Indian tyre manufacturing industry

PurposeThis paper attempts to investigate the approaches used for implementing total quality management (TQM) practices and study its impact on ABC India Limited (Name changed), a tyre manufacturing industry for realizing leadership in the Indian market. The other objectives are to explore the key issues faced by the company before TQM and study the benefits achieved after TQM implementation.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual case study research methodology has been utilized in this paper. The industry was facing some major business challenges such as low productivity, financial issues and low market presence since 1996. To overcome these issues, the top management of the industry adopted TQM as a business improvement tool and started its implementation in 2008.FindingsA good number of improvement initiatives under four TQM approaches such as management approach, development approach, improvement approach and involvement approach were performed systematically and strategically. As a result of the successful implementation of TQM initiatives, the industry received the most prestigious quality award namely Deming Prize in 2017.Research limitations/implicationsWith the implementation of the TQM philosophy in the industry, it gained the top market position, the customer satisfaction score increased from 75 to 81, market presence increased from 7.2% to 26.3% and the percentage participation of employees increased by 73.5% within a period from 2009 to 2016.Originality/valueThe novelty of this research is to consider a case-based approach that will be helpful in promoting the utilization of the TQM philosophy in other industries for gaining competitive advantages.

Analyzing the Financial Risk Factors Impacting the Economic Benefits of the Consumer Electronic Goods Manufacturing Industry in India

Financial market instability and losses driven by changes in stock prices, currencies, interest rates, and other factors are the primary causes of economic risk. One of the risk types with the highest priority for every business is financial risk. The consumer electronics manufacturing sector’s focus on rising technology is driving important growth and includes manufacturers of smartwatches, stylish home products, and smart speakers. Risks can arise from the inability to meet functional requirements and business expectations throughout the life cycle, from original formation to final disposal, while supplying competitive electronic products. All of this highlights the necessity and potential of thorough study in the field of financial risk in economic growth. With the help of owners and managers of top electronic manufacturing industries in India, this study’s goal is to examine and evaluate several aspects of financial risk in economic benefits. The main factors of the financial risk covered under the study include liquidity risk, market risk, credit risk, and operational risk. Financial risks also arise from a combination of macroeconomic factors, including changing interest rates on the market and the potential for default by sizable businesses or industries. Financial stability is of the utmost importance to a commercial enterprise to maintain its position and status in the commercial environment. All of this demonstrates the value and need for rigorous research in the area of financial risk affecting the performance of the organization. This study intends to analyze several components of financial risk in consumer electronic goods manufacturers in India. Various aspects discussed in the study revolving around financial risk management are an important factor and demand the maximum attention of the organization.

An analysis of hurdles for ecofriendly lean production in Indian manufacturing industries using AHP–ELECTRE approach

An analysis of hurdles for ecofriendly lean production in Indian manufacturing industries using AHP–ELECTRE approach